The Mining Of Marcellus Shale Industry - 1827 Words

The Marcellus Shale Industry in Pennsylvania Despite it’s long history of coal, oil, and gas development, Pennsylvania has seemingly been overcome by the rapidity and scale of production demonstrated with the recent boom of Marcellus Shale industry, which has companies, workers, environmentalists, etc. flocking to its northern tier. However, controversy seems to have followed as â€Å"the economic criticism of the drilling industry is that it booms and then busts, generating few local jobs and leaving little lasting economic benefit† (Schwartz). Thus making it critically important not only the economic impact, but also those of social, institutional and environmental now and in the years to come† (â€Å"Marcellus Shale†). Marcellus Shale is geologically defined as a sedimentary rock that is located at least a mile below the surface and developed approximately 380 million years ago, during Devonian times, in a region referred to as the Appalachian Basin, which explains its prominence in the northeastern region of the United States (â€Å"What†). But, more importantly, Marcellus is a specific example of natural gas that contains a substantial concentration of methane, â€Å"trapped in low-permeability shale, which requires the hydraulic fracturing or fracking† (â€Å"Marcellus Formation†). The natural gas occurs within the Marcellus Shale in several ways, including: â€Å"the pore spaces of the shale, the vertical fractures that break through the shale, and adsorbed on mineral grains and organicShow MoreRelatedThe Importance of a Secure Energy Supply for the Future826 Words   |  3 Pagesthe most concerned social and economical issues to our society. Both industrial and domestic lives rely on the energy provided by energy sources from one form or anther. Petroleum, coal and natural gas are the most produced and used energy sources. Mining technologies are required to obtain the raw materials of these energy sources from nature. The energy crisis is due to the limited amount of the natural storages of the energy resources. A higher production rate of the raw materials is desired soRead MoreEssay Hydraulic Fracturing Must be Reformed1457 Words   |  6 PagesThe multi-billion dollar gas industry is seeking to expand its production across the nation, in light of new technology making extracting natural gas much easier. A Healthy alternative to the fossil fuels we so frivolously use is now more critical than ever. In 2011, the United States used 18.83 million barrels of raw oil daily, and in 2010 19.18 million barrels of petroleum products and biofuels. In 2010 and 2011, that was nearly 22% of the world’s oil supply. (U.S Department of Energy) PreviouslyRead MoreFracking s Youth And Considering Its Only Significant Sites1004 Words   |  5 Pageslargely confined on the Marcellus region which runs across two-thirds of Pennsylvania and extends into other states (MSTEC 2011) or the Barnet region in Texas. Pennsylvania The Pennsylvania economy has been dominated by coal and steel in the past with more recent growth in services making up for the reductions in manufacturing (City Data 2010). Shale Effects From 2007-2012 Cruz, Smith and Stanley (2014) found there was an increase of 259.3% in employment in the oil and gas industry with this located moreRead MoreThe Issue Of Hydraulic Fracturing1444 Words   |  6 PagesHydraulic Fracturing One of the hottest new issues that has arisen to the forefront of the battle between environmentalists and the energy industry, where the health of future generations is set against our energy needs and economic growth, is the issue of hydraulic fracturing, or fracking as it is colloquially called. America’s new-found energy independence has been made possible using technology that was only a pipe dream a mere decade ago, slashing the disparity between net imports versus exportsRead MoreTaking a Look at Hydrauling Fracturing829 Words   |  3 Pagesthat were once unreachable with other mining and extraction methods. The advancements in drilling technology have lead us to be able to obtain natural gasses from places we never could have before. When using the fracking method to drill into the earth’s surface, once the miners have reached the shell rock they then drill another whole horizontally into the shell rock. â€Å"Horizontal drilling allows for the injection of highly pressurized fracking fluids into the shale area. This creates new channels withinRead MoreHydraulic Fracturing2549 Words   |  11 Pages2013 Cause and Effects of Hydraulic Fracturing Hydraulic Fracturing is the process where millions of gallons of water that contain thousands of chemicals is pushed thousands of feet below the surface of the earth releasing gas, oil and sand from shale rocks (Hydraulic Fracturing Definition.) This chemical-filled water passes through water ways that are vital to life causing millions of animals, plants and humans to be harmed. Fracking is a global issue for citizens but a global success for big companiesRead MoreNatural Gas Is A Rapidly Growing Section Of The Economy2004 Words   |  9 PagesIndia, and Persia. The Chinese were ahead of their time and were able to make crude pipelines to transport the gas to heat salt water. However, the first country to use natural gas commercially was Britain around 1785, when it was captured while mining coal. This natural gas was used to light street lamps and lamps used in homes. After Britain started using natural gas commercially, the practice grew worldwide. The first well that was sp ecifically intended to extract natural gas in the UnitedRead MoreSantos Case Study1755 Words   |  8 Pagesdecide to do a specific investment through considering ethical targets and financial standards of an entity (Schwartz 2003, p. 195). According to the official website of Santos (2012), Santos was established in 1954 and it is a leader in the mining industry in Australia. The main products of Santos are gas and oil. These products are not only offered to Australian domestic market, but also provided to international marketplace, particularly in Asia market. Also, Santos is the Australia s largestRead MoreFracking, An Unregulated Chemical Cocktail Essay1681 Words   |  7 PagesINTRODUCTION What is Fracking? Fracking is a mining approach in which a well in drilled thousands of feet deep into the Earth for the express purpose of gathering oil and gas from fuel reserves deep within its crust. Essentially, drill teams pierce through the planets sediment layers, water table and shale rock formations before placing a casing of cement as a sort of access valve to the raw fuel. This casing also acts as a channel for colossal amounts of water, sand and 50,000 gallons of frackingRead MoreHydraulic Fracking Essay15746 Words   |  63 Pagesin the shale below. This is done first by drilling vertically into the earth’s crust several thousand feet below the water line. The drill then heads horizontally continuing on until the drill hits the projected target several thousand feet below the earth’s surface. After the fracking target is reached, pipe is inserted into the drilled out hole. After the pipe reaches the drilled target, high pressure frac water mixed with â€Å"frac sandâ⠂¬  and other additive components are pumped into the shale. This

Evaluate Two Macroeconomic Objectives the Government in...

In today’s interdependent markets, the economy of one country is inextricably linked with that of another. For instance, the collapse of the banking sector in Iceland had a substantial impact on the British economy and the currency volatilities of the Euro have had implications far beyond the Euro zone. In this essay, I will examine how British macroeconomic policies have attempted to reduce the damage of recent economic turbulence in the US on the UK economy. Macroeconomics, policies that aim to improve economic growth, maximise national income and raise the standard of living for citizens, have four main methods: full employment, inflation, balance of payments, equilibrium of supply and demand. In this essay I will look at:†¦show more content†¦Inflation is a bad thing because it means that the purchasing power of the consumer is weakened. Monetary policy can be used to curb inflation by using tools such as interest rates and the input and output of money. A pri ncipal objective of any central bank is to maintain the value of the currency in terms of what it will purchase. Rising prices, inflation (increase in prices, fall in the purchasing value of money), reduces the value of money. Monetary policy is directed to achieving this objective and providing a framework for non-inflationary economic growth. As in most other developed countries, monetary policy usually operates in the UK through influencing the price at which money is lent – the interest rate. However, in March 2009 the Banks Monetary Policy Committee announced that in addition to setting Base Rate, it would start to inject money directly into the economy by purchasing assets often known as quantitative easing. This means that the instrument of monetary policy shifts towards the quantity of money provided rather than the price at which the Bank lends or borrows money. Low inflation is not an end in itself. It is however an important factor in helping to encourage long-term stability in the economy. Price stability is a requirement for achieving a wider economic goal of sustainable growth and employment. High inflation can be damaging to the performance of the economy. Low inflation can help to promoteShow MoreRelatedIbe International Business Questions Essay example9943 Words   |  40 PagesTopic 1: International Business 1. Why companies engage in international business? There are three major operating objectives that underline the reasons for companies to engage in international business: -expanding sales: pursuing international sales usually increases the potential market and potential profits -acquiring resources: foreign sources may give companies lower costs, new or better products, additional operating knowledge -minimizing risk: international operations may reduceRead MoreSwot Analysis in Pharmaceutical Industry5127 Words   |  21 PagesThreats†. By specifying clear objectives and identifying internal and external factors that are either helpful or not, a short and simple SWOT analysis is a useful resource which may be incorporated into an organizations strategic planning model. Strengths Internal attributes those are helpful to the organization to achieving its objective Weaknesses Internal attributes that are harmful to the organization to achieving its objective Opportunities Read MoreThe Importance of International Business and Exporting for Smes: Challenges of Dubai Companies That Want to Export Their Products to the Uk15717 Words   |  63 Pages1 PROPOSED TITLE 1.2 INTRODUCTION 1.3 RATIONALE FOR CHOSEN TOPIC 1.3.1 The Importance of International Business 1.3.2 Competing on an International Level 1.4 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF RESEARCH Chapter 2: LITERATURE REVIEW†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦12-25 2.1 CLASSIFICATION OF DIFFERENT MARKETING LEVELS 2.1.1 Domestic/Home Marketing 2.1.2 International Marketing 2.1.3 Global Marketing 2.2 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN INTERNATIONAL AND DOMESTIC MARKETS 2.3 COMPARISON AND COMPLEXITIES OF THESERead MoreMarket Entry Modes Strategies14235 Words   |  57 Pagesservices to a target market and distributing them there. 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It provides students with basic skills, knowledge and attitudes that enable them to process financial data, to analyse and interpret accounting reports, and to presentRead MoreEurope Economic Crisis55278 Words   |  222 PagesCommission to the Council and the Parliament on the economic situation and developments, such as the Economic forecasts, the annual EU economy review and the Public ï ¬ nances in EMU report. Subscription terms are shown on the back cover and details on how to obtain the list of sales agents are shown on the inside back cover. Unless otherwise indicated, the texts are published under the responsibility of the Directorate-General for Economic and Financial Affairs of the European Commission, BU24, B-1049Read MoreEnvironmental Analysis19492 Words   |  78 Pagessuccess of an organization and concerned about the effect that factors in the external environment have upon it. 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Emperors Club free essay sample

English question 5 It is not living that is important, but living rightly and honestly. The definition of success varies depending on who is defining it. By the end of the novel, Hundert and Sedgewick Bell each believe that they have reached success in their own lives. Sedgewick, following in his Dad’s footsteps of using and manipulating every situation and opportunity in order to advance his selfish goals, feels successful as a wealthy and powerful businessman. Sedgewick by the example, set by his distant, judgmental, and uncompromising father has learned that being honorable and having good character are qualities that are unimportant when measuring a man’s success. Just like his father who did not see the merit of developing a moral conscience, Sedgewick Bell rejects the moral guidance of his caring teacher, choosing instead to cultivate the cut-throat tactics his father instilled in him as necessary to achieve the fame and fortune vital for success. We will write a custom essay sample on Emperors Club or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In contrast, Hundert is only able to feel successful when he has regained his dignity and honor by confessing his breach of trust and asking for forgiveness from the student he betrayed. Once Hundert does the honorable thing and tells Blythe about Hundert’s cheating during the selection of the contestants for the Emperor’s Club competition, Hundert is able to reset his moral compass, and move on with his life. Hundert comes to understand that it was his selfish desire to see Bell succeed that drove Hundert to disregard what he knew was right in order to avoid the truth – that Sedgewick Bell had no desire to become the honest and hardworking student Hundert â€Å"willed† him to be. Through this realization Hundert is able to see that even though he may not have succeeded with Bell, this one â€Å"failure† does not minimize the positive contribution he has made to the lives of his many other students. Hundert’s success is evidenced by the fact that even after 25 years, Hundert’s students throw him a party to show their appreciation of the advice, instruction, interest and guidance he gave them when they were students at St. Benedict’s. Hundert is considered by the majority of his students to be a mentor, and positive role model. It is this realization that helps Hundert see that his success lies in the fact that his students have taken his message of living a moral, and honest life with them into their world and used his words to help shape their own productive lives . s well as, that of their children. Hundert realizes that success should be measured not by the money in a man’s pocket, or the job he has, but by the positive impact he has in the world and on the lives of others. As the film progresses Hundert comes to terms with the fact that no matter how hard he tried he could never compete with the powerful negative influences that were present in the Bell home. Sedgewick was raised to view a successful man as being self-serving, untrusting, insensitive, and controlling. It was when Humdert tried to set a new moral example of success for Sedgewick that Humbert was driven to compromise his own beliefs. Hundert learned that when one compromises him for the sake of another the relationship is doomed to fail. It is when Hundert is able to accept that he is not responsible for the selfish, immoral man Sedgewick has become that he can rid himself of the feelings of failure that resulted in him leaving the profession he loved. When Hundert is rewarded by the positive comments of his students he understands that his success is in the fact that he has made the world a better place because he has educated a generation of kind, caring and moral men and fathers who will pass on his appreciation of honor, dignity, kindness, sensitivity, creativity and integrity to future generations. Hundert and Sedgewick each define â€Å"success† differently and it is up to each individual viewer to watch and listen to the movie carefully in order to decide which definition he/she will use to evaluate the â€Å"success â€Å" of his/her life.

Visit in a Rural Area free essay sample

At the end we expect a rise in our economy through rural development in all the sectors. Thinking the country as a whole, we must focus on the development of rural Bangladesh which will eventually turn our country into a better one. 4|Page 1. 0 Introduction: 1. 1 Theme and purpose: The theme of the assignment is to study about the life and livelihood realities of rural Bangladesh and how it is changed and changing. The purpose of the study is to analyze the change and changing trend of rural life and livelihood. 1. 2 Scope and limitations: The scope of the study was trouble-free and straightforward. As Bangladesh has a lot of rural area, we could easily choose a rural region and perform our research on the life and livelihood of the people of that particular rural region. Though the process is clear-cut enough to collect data but there are some limitations? Some of the people might not be interested to give information when will ask them. We will write a custom essay sample on Visit in a Rural Area or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page ? As rural people are conservative, they might not give all kind of information we are seeking. 1. 3 Sources and methods of collecting information: The source of the information collected is the people from various professions of my home town Tungipara, Gopalgonj. A comprehensive study on people from different professions has given the closest scenario of life and livelihood realities of current rural Bangladesh and how it is changed and changing in the upcoming days. The process was asking people the previously selected questions from my survey questionnaire (attached with the assignment). People gave oral reply to the questions and those were noted down. 5|Page 2. 0 Life and livelihood realities of rural Bangladesh: 2. Previous Scenario: On basis of the information collected from the respondents we see that the earlier life trend of people was like? The nature of residence was, in most cases, straw-made cottages and in some cases tin-made cottages. ? Almost all the families were joint families. As a result the number of members in a family was simply huge. ? The main foods of almost all people were rice, pulse, vegetables and fish. Previously the livelihood realities was like? As they had joint families, their income sources were diversified. All the adult male members used to work for earning livelihood. They used to work for agricultural production and a lot of people were farmers. ? As lots of people were farmers, they were active in some particular seasons in a year when the production of the crops was highest or it was the only time of production. 2. 2 Current Scenario: With course of time and due to industrialization, the life trend of rural people has changed significantly, like? The nature of residence of rural people has changed significantly. Previously most of them used to live in straw-made cottages and some in tin-made cottages. But now there are very few straw-made houses. Almost all have switched to tinmade houses and many people are making one or two storeyed buildings. ? People are changing their family type from joint to single. Nearly each rural family is single family now whereas they were joint families earlier. ? The food habit of rural people hasn’t changed much. But due to price hike of every fundamental food product, they are not able to have diversified food items always like past times when prices were reasonable. Current livelihood scenario of rural Bangladesh? As now most families are single, the eldest and fit adult male is the main earning member in the family. Besides, the female members of the family are also 6|Page earning by working in different professions like- school teacher, handicraft business, vegetable production selling etc. ? Now-a-days in the rural area we see people of different professions like- masons, mechanics, workers in brick field, stationary businessmen, hardwire businessmen, clothing businessmen, agricultural products sellers and farmers. But in past times, 80% of rural people were farmers. As now people are engaged in diversified professions, they are active throughout the year. Even the farmers are now active throughout the year and working in other sectors when it is not the crop production season to earn livelihood. 3. The reasons behind the changes and upcoming changes: A question may arise like how these kinds of changes happened. The main reasons are? Industrialization: Industrialization leaded the changes in rural Bangladesh. Due to the effect of modern industrialization, people were introduced to the new ways of livelihood. Development: Development in different sectors or rural Bangladesh also affected the lifestyle of people living there. Such as- availability of electricity, infrastructural advancement etc. ? Involvement of Urban Culture: Urban culture entered into the life of rural people and seized their attention through different media such as- television, radio, internet etc. ? Transportation Facility: Advancement in transportation also facilitated the connection of rural and urban society. A lot of new urban facilities are now easily delivered into the rural area. We can predict about the upcoming changes that can happen in rural Bangladesh. By analyzing the changing trend we can say that the infrastructure of rural residence will improve with a swift pace. Along with this, rural people will advance and migrate to diversified professions day by day. They are coming out from conservative society and male and female working for livelihood at the same time. 4. Conclusion: By the brief research and analysis we can say, that time is not far away when the lifestyle and livelihood of rural Bangladesh will touch the edge of those of urban. Rural development will enhance and improve our economy as well as our developing country will advance few steps more towards being a developed country in near future. 7|Page List of People contacted and their contact numbers 1. Name: Tuhin Ahmed Address: Village- Shoilodaho, Thana- Chitolmari, District- Bagerhat Contact No: 01740-837701 Occupation: Welding Mechanic 2. Name: Milon Sarkar Address: Village- Tungipara, Thana- Tungipara, District- Gopalgonj Contact No: 01716-660752 Occupation: Hardwires business 3. Name: Taiyab Ali Address: Village-Tungipara, Thana- Tungipara, District- Gopalgonj Contact No: 01756-393271 Occupation: Farmer 4. Name: Ramzan Haque Address: Village-Patgati, Thana- Tungipara, District- Gopalgonj Contact No: 01718-003675 Occupation: Businessman 5. Name: Ilias Hossain Address: Village-Tungipara, Thana- Tungipara, District- Gopalgonj Contact No: 01711-372670 Occupation: City Corporation chairman (Patgati) 6. Name: Solaiman Biswas Address: Village-Tungipara, Thana- Tungipara, District- Gopalgonj Contact No: 01711-066071 Occupation: Upazila chairman (Tungipara) 7. Name: Emdad Hossain Address: Village- Patgati, Thana- Tungipara, District- Gopalgonj Contact No: 01712-066071 Occupation: School Teacher (Retd. 8|Page 8. Name: Babul Hossain Address: Village-Tungipara, Thana- Tungipara, District- Gopalgonj Contact No: 01712-440343 Occupation: Business (owner of a brick field) 9. Name: Younus Alam Address: Village-Gimadanga, Thana- Tungipara, District- Gopalgonj Contact No: 01924-720351 Occupation: Mason 10. Name: Enayet Hossain Address: Village-Tungipara, Thana- Tungipara, District- Gopalgonj Contact No: 01835-403573 Occupation: Farmer 9|Page Pictures of the village trip 10 | P a g e 11 | P a g e 12 | P a g e